ANALISIS DETERMINAN PENYAKIT GAGAL GINJAL KRONIS DI INDONESIA BERDASARKAN DATA SURVEI KESEHATAN INDONESIA TAHUN 2023
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47701/kz1ava25Keywords:
gagal ginjal kronis, faktor risiko, survei kesehatan indonesiaAbstract
Gagal ginjal kronis (GGK) merupakan masalah kesehatan global dan menjadi penyebab kematian signifikan, meskipun prevalensinya menurun. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis faktor yang berhubungan dengan GGK menggunakan data Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) tahun 2023 berdasarkan sosiodemografi, dan riwayat penyakit. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kuantitatif cross-sectional, penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dari SKI tahun 2023 yang diperoleh melalui wawancara terhadap responden berusia ?15 tahun di seluruh Indonesia. Metode pengambilan sampel dengan purposive sampling, populasi penelitian berjumlah 877.531 responden dan sampel 638.178 responden dengan kriteria inklusi berupa seluruh individu berusia ?15 tahun yang didiagnosis GGK oleh dokter. Data diolah melalui tahapan editing, coding, processing, dan cleaning dengan perangkat lunak SPSS. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat, bivariat (chi-square), dan multivariat (regresi logistik biner). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi GGK sebesar 0,2% atau sebanyak 1.259 penderita di Indonesia. Faktor risiko yang berhubungan signifikan dengan GGK adalah jenis kelamin laki-laki (b=2,159; CI 95%=1,926-2,421; p<0,001), hipertensi (b=4,534; CI 95%=3,992-5,148; p<0,001), dan diabetes melitus (b=5,812; CI 95%=4,983-5,148; p<0,001). Sebaliknya, umur, pendidikan, dan pekerjaan tidak memiliki hubungan signifikan. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa faktor klinis seperti diabetes melitus dan hipertensi berperan dominan dalam kejadian GGK. Oleh karena itu, upaya pencegahan GGK harus difokuskan pada pengelolaan penyakit kronis dan promosi gaya hidup sehat, terutama bagi kelompok berisiko tinggi.
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