Simulasi Sistem Peringatan Dini Kebakaran Rumah Berbasis IoT Menggunakan Sensor MQ-2, DHT22, dan ESP32
Keywords:
Internet of Things, ESP32, Sensor MQ-2, Sensor LDR, DHT22.Abstract
Fire incidents are among the most destructive disasters, often resulting in significant material losses and casualties. Therefore, an effective, accurate, and real-time fire detection system is essential to enhance building safety. This study presents the design and simulation of an Internet of Things (IoT)-based early fire detection system using an ESP32 microcontroller integrated with MQ-2, DHT22, and LDR sensors. The system is developed and tested using the Wokwi simulation platform and connected to the Blynk application for real-time remote monitoring via a smartphone. The MQ-2 sensor is used to detect smoke or flammable gas concentration, the DHT22 sensor monitors temperature and humidity, while the LDR sensor detects light intensity changes representing flame presence. The system operates based on predefined threshold values, where a hazardous condition is triggered when MQ-2 readings exceed 300 ppm, temperature reaches or exceeds 50°C, or LDR values fall below 100. Simulation results show that the system is capable of accurately identifying normal and fire conditions using multi-sensor data fusion. When a fire condition is detected, the system automatically activates a buzzer, relay, LED indicators, and sends real-time notifications to the user’s smartphone. The proposed system demonstrates potential as a low-cost and reliable solution for early fire detection in residential environments.
References
[2] F. Saeed, A. Paul, A. Rehman, W. H. Hong, and H. Seo, “IoT-Based intelligent modeling of smart home environment for fire prevention and safety,” J. Sens. Actuator Networks, vol. 7, no. 1, 2018, doi: 10.3390/jsan7010011.
[3] A. Jadon, M. Omama, A. Varshney, M. S. Ansari, and R. Sharma, “FireNet: A Specialized Lightweight Fire & Smoke Detection Model for Real-Time IoT Applications,” 2019, [Online]. Available: http://arxiv.org/abs/1905.11922
[4] J. Fonollosa, A. Solórzano, and S. Marco, “Chemical sensor systems and associated algorithms for fire detection: A review,” Sensors (Switzerland), vol. 18, no. 2, 2018, doi: 10.3390/s18020553.
[5] A. Kurniawan, A. Frisca, and R. Y. Pratama, “Rancang Bangun Sistem Deteksi Asap Dalam Ruangan Menggunakan Sensor MQ-2 untuk Keamanan Lingkungan,” pp. 594–600, 2025.
[6] H. Soebagia, E. Wismiana, and B. N. Rasad, “Pemanfaatan Sensor Asap / Gas MQ-2 dan Sensor Api HW-484 untuk Peringatan Dini Kebakaran Berbasis Internet of Things ( IoT ),” J. Elektro Tek., vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 1–9, 2021, [Online]. Available: https://journal.unpak.ac.id/index.php/JET/article/view/6176
[7] A. Roihan and N. Rahayu, “PERANCANGAN SISTEM PERINGATAN DINI KEBAKARAN BERBASIS ESP8266 MENGGUNAKAN SENSOR FUSION,” vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 12–17, 2022.
[8] S. Dhimas Ghoza, U. Latifa, and I. Abdi Bangsa, “Perancangan Smoke Detector Berbasis Sensor Mq-135 Dan Mikrokontroler Esp32 Sebagai Deteksi Dini Kebakaran,” JATI (Jurnal Mhs. Tek. Inform., vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 4344–4350, 2024, doi: 10.36040/jati.v8i3.9881.
[9] D. Sistem, D. Asap, B. Sensor, and M. Iot, “Desain Sistem Deteksi Asap dan Api Berbasis Sensor, Mikrokontroler dan,” vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 117–127, 2020.
[10] Candra Supriadi and Priyadi, “Rancang Bangun Sistem Monitoring Deteksi Dini Kebakaran Ruang Server Berbasis Iot,” J. Ilm. Sist. Inf., vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 35–45, 2025, doi: 10.51903/432zjf74.
[11] M. I. Pratiwi and S. R. Nudin, “Pengembangan Sistem Deteksi Dini Kebakaran Menggunakan Pendekatan Transfer Learning dengan Model ResNet50 Berbasis Website,” pp. 1–12, 2023.
[12] D. Zidifaldi, A. Abdullah, K. Sari, and I. Fakhruzi, “Pemanfaatan iot sebagai sistem deteksi dini kebakaran dengan sensor api dan sensor suhu berbasis arduino,” J. Digit. Teknol. Inf., vol. 5, no. 2, p. 66, 2022, doi: 10.32502/digital.v5i2.4338.
[13] N. Umar, S. A. K., L. Halide, M. I. Rusjdi, and I. A. Ijsam, “Sensor Mq-2 Deteksi Asap Rokok Berbasis Internet of Things,” J. Teknol. Elekterika, vol. 20, no. 2, p. 119, 2023, doi: 10.31963/elekterika.v20i2.4637.
