Publication Ethics

FRASA: English Education and Literature Journal  sets high standards of ethical behavior by all parties involved in the journal publication, i.e., authors, journal editors, peer-reviewers, and the publisher (Universitas Duta Bangsa Surakarta) to ensure objectivity and avoid the conflict of interests. As a peer-reviewed journal, the Journal is committed to applying publication ethics as ethical guidelines in our two issues in a year. This statement clarifies ethical behaviour of all parties involved in the act of publishing an article in our journals, including the authors, the editors, the peer-reviewers and the publisher. This statement is based on by Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)

Ethical Guideline for Journal Publication
The dissemination of articles within the peer-reviewed Frasa: English Education and Literature Journal constitutes a fundamental element in the establishment of a coherent and esteemed network of scholarly knowledge. Such publication serves as a direct indicator of the caliber of the authors' work and the credibility of their supporting institutions. Peer-reviewed manuscripts uphold and exemplify the principles of the scientific method. Therefore, it is imperative to establish and adhere to standards of ethical conduct for all stakeholders in the publishing process, including authors, journal editors, peer reviewers, publishers, and the academic community. As the publisher of this Journal, Universitas Duta Bangsa Surakarta rigorously fulfills its responsibilities throughout all phases of the publication process, acknowledging its ethical and professional obligations. We are dedicated to ensuring that commercial considerations, such as advertising and reprint revenues, do not exert any influence on editorial decisions. Additionally, the Editorial Boards will facilitate communication with other journals and publishers as necessary and beneficial.

Publication Decisions
The editors of the Frasa: English Education and Literature Journal bear the responsibility for determining the suitability of submitted manuscripts for publication. Such decisions must be predicated on the validation of the work and its significance to the scholarly community and readership. Editorial decisions are informed by the policies established by the journal's editorial board and must adhere to prevailing legal statutes concerning libel, copyright infringement, and plagiarism. In the decision-making process, editors may seek counsel from fellow editors or reviewers.
Fair Play

An editor evaluates manuscripts at all times based solely on their intellectual content, without consideration of the authors' race, gender, sexual orientation, religious beliefs, ethnic origin, citizenship, or political ideology.
Confidentiality

The editor and editorial staff are obligated to maintain the confidentiality of all information pertaining to a submitted manuscript, disclosing details only to the corresponding author, reviewers, potential reviewers, other editorial advisers, and the publisher, as deemed appropriate.
Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest

Unpublished materials revealed in a submitted manuscript must not be utilized in an editor's own research without obtaining the explicit written consent of the author.

Duties of Reviewers
Contribution to Editorial Decisions

Peer review aids the editor in making editorial decisions and, through editorial communications with the author, may also facilitate the enhancement of the manuscript.
Promptness

Any selected referee who feels unqualified to evaluate the research presented in a manuscript or anticipates an inability to conduct a timely review should inform the editor and withdraw from the review process.
Confidentiality

Manuscripts received for review must be regarded as confidential documents. They must not be disclosed to or discussed with others except as authorized by the editor.
Standards of Objectivity

Reviews should be conducted with objectivity, avoiding personal criticism of the author. Referees should articulate their evaluations clearly, providing well-supported arguments.
Acknowledgement of Sources

Reviewers should identify pertinent published works that have not been cited by the authors. Any assertion that an observation, derivation, or argument has been previously reported should be accompanied by the appropriate citation. Additionally, reviewers should inform the editor of any significant similarity or overlap between the manuscript under review and any other published paper known to them.
Disclosure and Conflict of Interest
Information or ideas obtained through peer review are considered privileged and must be maintained in confidence, refraining from any exploitation for personal gain. Reviewers should abstain from evaluating manuscripts in which conflicts of interest arise from competitive, collaborative, or other affiliations with any of the authors, companies, or institutions associated with the papers.

Duties of Authors

Reporting standards
Authors of original research reports are expected to provide a precise depiction of the conducted work along with an impartial analysis of its significance. The underlying data should be faithfully represented within the manuscript, ensuring accuracy. Sufficient detail and references should be included to enable others to replicate the study. Engaging in fraudulent or knowingly inaccurate representations is deemed unethical and intolerable behavior.
Data Access and Retention

Authors are requested to furnish the raw data associated with a manuscript for editorial scrutiny and should be ready to offer public accessibility to such data, as feasible, in accordance with the ALPSP-STM Statement on Data and Databases. Moreover, authors should be willing to retain such data for a reasonable duration following publication.
Originality and Plagiarism

The authors are obligated to ensure the complete originality of their works, and if they have incorporated the works or words of others, proper citation or quotation must be employed.
Multiple, Redundant or Concurrent Publication

An author is generally advised against publishing manuscripts detailing essentially identical research in multiple journals or primary publications. Simultaneous submission of the same manuscript to multiple journals constitutes unethical publishing conduct and is deemed unacceptable.
Acknowledgement of Sources
Proper acknowledgment of the contributions of others is imperative. Authors are expected to cite publications that have significantly influenced the scope and direction of the reported work.
Authorship of the Paper

Authorship should be restricted to individuals who have made substantial contributions to the conception, design, execution, or interpretation of the study being reported. All individuals who have made significant contributions should be recognized as co-authors. In cases where others have participated in specific substantive aspects of the research project, they should be acknowledged or listed as contributors. The corresponding author bears the responsibility to ensure the inclusion of all appropriate co-authors and the exclusion of any inappropriate co-authors. Additionally, the corresponding author must confirm that all co-authors have reviewed and approved the final version of the manuscript and have consented to its submission for publication.

Author Contributions

To ensure transparency, authors are strongly encouraged to submit an author statement file delineating their individual contributions to the manuscript, employing the pertinent CRediT roles, which include: Conceptualization; Data curation; Formal analysis; Funding acquisition; Investigation; Methodology; Project administration; Resources; Software; Supervision; Validation; Visualization; Roles/Writing - original draft; Writing - review & editing. Authorship statements should be formatted with the authors' names listed first, followed by their respective CRediT role(s). More details and an example

Changes to Authorship 

Authors are required to thoroughly deliberate the list and sequence of authors prior to manuscript submission and must provide the definitive list of authors at the time of initial submission. Any modification, omission, or reordering of author names in the authorship roster should occur solely before the manuscript's acceptance and only upon approval by the journal Editor. To initiate such alterations, the corresponding author must furnish the following to the Editor: (a) the rationale for the change in author list, and (b) written confirmation (via email or letter) from all authors endorsing the addition, removal, or rearrangement. In cases involving the inclusion or exclusion of authors, confirmation from the affected party is essential. The Editor will only entertain requests for the addition, deletion, or rearrangement of authors after manuscript acceptance under extraordinary circumstances. During the Editor's deliberation, publication of the manuscript will be suspended. If the manuscript has already been published online, any approved requests will necessitate a corrigendum. 

Hazards and Human or Animal Subjects

When the research entails chemicals, procedures, or equipment that pose any distinctive hazards inherent in their utilization, the author is obliged to explicitly delineate these aspects within the manuscript.

Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest

All authors are required to disclose any financial or other significant conflict of interest in their manuscript that could potentially affect the results or interpretation of the research. Additionally, all sources of financial support for the project must be disclosed.

Fundamental errors in published works 

Upon detecting a substantial error or inaccuracy in their published work, it is the responsibility of the author to promptly inform the journal editor or publisher and collaborate with them to retract or rectify the paper.