DEIXIS ANALYSIS IN FANTASTIC BEAST 3: PRAGMATIC APPROACH

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INTRODUCTION
Language is an essential tool for daily communication between speakers, serving a specific purpose with its own meaning.It plays a critical role in conveying meaning to the listener and is achieved through verbal and written communication.These forms of communication serve to fulfil the people"s need to express their emotions, to communicate, adapt and integrate into their surroundings, as well as to exert social control.Therefore, language serves as a medium of communication, enabling people to express themselves effectively and navigate their social environments with easy.One way to study language is through pragmatics.
According to Levinson (1983) Pragmatics is the study of the relationship between language and the context in which it becomes basis for determining the understanding.Even though pragmatics has same scope with semantics, which is a field that studies meaning, they have different focus.Parker (1986) states the difference between semantics and pragmatics.Semantics is the study of meaning related to word meaning or lexical meaning that is, the meaning is free from context, while the meaning in pragmatics is context-bound, the intention of the speaker or the feelings of the speaker.Furthermore, pragmatics includes discussion of presuppositions, speech acts, conversational implicatures, aspects of discourse structure and deixis (Mulan, 2012).
According to John Ferdinand Deixis got the term from the Greek word for "pointing" and "indicating".It is a part of pragmatics which has a simply meaning "pointing" via language or asserting something via language.Any linguistic form used to achieve this explanation is called a deixis expression.Deixis expressions are sometimes called indexical.Deixis is used in pragmatics to argue the use of demonstrative and personal pronouns, adverbs of time and place like "now" and "here", and many other grammatical features.
According to Levinson (1983) "deixis concerns the ways in which language encode or grammaticalize features of the context of utterance or speech event, and thus also concerns ways in which interpretation of utterances depends on the analysis of the context of utterance".In addition, Yule (1996) defined that "deixis is a form referring that is tied to the speaker"s context, with the most basic distinction between deictic expressions being "near speaker" versus "away from speaker".In English, "proximal terms or the near speaker, are "here", "now", "this".The distal terms or the away from speaker are "there", "than", "that".(Yule, 1996) Many previous research on deixis had been done.Studies on deixis which are focused on semantics field in literary work have been analyzed (Widayanti & Yuwono, 2019;Rahmadhani & Sri, 202i. Thao & Herman, 2020.They analyzed deixis on literary work using semantic theory.Morover, deixis analysis which focused on tradition of a community are (Bocale, 2019;Mwinlaaru, 2021;Saidahmadovna & Madaminovich, 2022;Mark, 2019).These studies tried to reveal how deixis is used in some communities, such as Uzbekistan, French, Poland, Sino-Tibetan, and Niger-Congo.However, deixis which was analyzed using Pragmatics theory also had been analyzed, such as (Abdulameer, 2019; Herman & Pardede, 2020;Nisa, Asi & Sari, 2020;Sinaga, Herman & Marpaung, 2020;Wang, 2020;Simatupang, Fadhilah & Barokah, 2021).
In this journal analysis, we will explore the use of deixis elements in one of literature object, Fantastic Beasts 3 movie.Even though many studies have been focused on deixis in literary work, this analysis quite interesting because the film had just been released.This highly anticipated film is the third instalment in the Fantastic Beasts franchise, which takes place in the wizarding world of Harry Potter.Directed by David Yates and written by J.K. Rowling, the film had been released in 2022 and stars Eddie Redmayne, Katherine Waterston, Jude Law, and Ezra Miller.
Deixis analysis in this film used to answer the ambiguity, confusion and misunderstanding of the meaning of an utterance in the speech of the actors.The use of language that is irregular and ineffective will cause confusion of meaning, and can lead to different perceptions of language recipients.In the Fantastic Beasts film, there are many examples of deixis used by the characters in dialogue.In this context, deixis analysis will help us understand how these characters build their identities, introduce locations and times in the story, and provide the implicit moral messages in their dialogues.Through deixis analysis, we can find patterns in the use of words and phrases that show how each character perceives themselves and others, how they identify locations and times in the story, and how moral messages are conveyed through their dialogues.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
In this study, descriptive method was used because it is kind of linguistic research.The utterances and the subtitle from film Fantastic Beast become the primary data.The author watched the Fantastic Beast film to get a deeper understanding in about the story.Then, the author picked all the deixis from the utterances that will be identified the type of deixis after that.Last, the classification of deixis found in the film according to its form.The technique used by the author was content analysis because it just focused on the content of the film.The data was analysed according to the forms of deixis and their meaning based on the theory of Stephen C. Levinson (1983).

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The use of deixis forms in the Fantastic Beast movie can be observed through the sentences used by the characters in the movie in their conversation.This study identified various forms of deixis found in the film, including deixis of people, which were further divided into first-person, second-person, and third-person categories.Additionally, the study also identified place deixis, time deixis, discourse deixis, and social deixis, which were analyzed based on the theory of Stephen C. Levinson.
There are twenty-seven utterances which have thirty-nine deixis in six types of it.We will further discuss each type of deixis in this sub heading.Here is the calculation of the type of deixis.

Table 1. The Calculation of Type of Deixis
From the table above we can see that Deixis third person dominate the utterances in the Film Fantastic Beasts, and Deixis Discursive has minor presentation in that movie.It can be concluded that this movie reveals more on third person actor in its plot.
The analysis on each type of Deixis found in this film will be discussed deeply in this sub heading.

Example:
That's my cousin Stenly, He is a wizard.
The word that's and he in the sentence above is belong to third person deixis.The use of third person deixis in this context can show the domination and power of one of the film"s characters, Stenly.

Example:
Dumbledore: I don"t think anyone more deserving The presence of first-person deixis in that dialogue shows the leadership of Dumbledore and courage traits.

CONCLUSION
Deixis in the film Fantastic Beasts 3: The Secret of Dumbledore revealed that deixis plays an important role in building characters, locations, and time in the film.The study has identified several types of deixis used by the characters, including person deixis, place deixis, time deixis, discourse deixis, and social deixis.Through the use of pragmatic analysis, the study has provided insights into how deixis functions in the film, particularly in meaning and conveying information to the audience.Furthermore, the study has shown that the use of deixis in the film can be related to the underlying moral don"t go anywhere Place Deixis message of the film.By analysing the use of deixis in the film, we can gain a deeper understanding of what are in the insight of the film.
16 Queenie Goldstein She is a taker, you need a giver Person Deixis 3 17 Tina Goldstein You are an interesting man, Mr Scamander, You just like your suitcase, I think there's more to you than meets