International Seminar on Health Entrepreneurship and Technology
The Relationship Between Catcalling and Self-Esteem Among Female Students
Background: Catcalling is a form of verbal sexual harassment frequently experienced by adolescent girls and may negatively affect their psychological well-being, particularly self-esteem. Low self-esteem may interfere with adolescents' psychosocial development, making it important to examine the relationship between catcalling and self-esteem. Objective: To determine the relationship between catcalling and self-esteem among female students at SMP Negeri 3 Cepogo Satu Atap. Methods: This study employed a quantitative correlational design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 41 female students were selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected using the Street Harassment Scale (SHS) to measure catcalling experiences and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) to assess self-esteem. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test. Results: Most respondents experienced low-level catcalling (30 students; 73.2%), while 11 students (26.8%) experienced high-level catcalling. A total of 22 students (53.7%) had low self-esteem, whereas 19 students (46.3%) had high self-esteem. The Chi-Square test revealed a significant relationship between catcalling and self-esteem (?² = 12.983; p = 0.000). Female students who experienced higher levels of catcalling tended to have lower self-esteem. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between catcalling and self-esteem among female students at SMP Negeri 3 Cepogo Satu Atap.
Electronic Medical Records Data Quality Analysis in Supporting Smart Healthy City: A Case Study Primary Care Clinic
The quality of Electronic Medical Records (EMR) data is a critical foundation for digital health services and Smart Healthy City implementation. Poor data quality ncluding incompleteness, inaccuracy, and lack of integration can undermine healthcare decision-making and obstruct the development of a data-driven urban health ecosystem. This study aimed to comprehensively analyze the quality of EMR data across six dimensions completeness, accuracy, consistency, timeliness, security, and integration and to assess its role in supporting Smart Healthy City implementation at Primary Care Clinic. A mixed-methods sequential explanatory design was employed. Quantitative data were collected through document audit of 150 EMR records using a structured checklist, while qualitative data were gathered through in-depth interviews with three key informants (clinic head and two healthcare staff) and document review. Results: EMR data quality demonstrated overall strong performance: timeliness reached 100%, security 91.2%, accuracy 91.1%, consistency 90.0%, completeness 87.0%, and data integration 85.7%. The overall average across all dimensions was 90.8%. Key enabling factors included management commitment (93.3%) and IT infrastructure (86.7%), while high staff workload (66.7%) and network disruptions (55.6%) were the main inhibiting factors. The EMR system demonstrated meaningful support for Smart Healthy City (85.9%), though external interoperability (73.3%) and contribution to integrated city health platforms (76.7%) remained below optimal levels. EMR data quality at Clinic is categorized as good, with timeliness as the outstanding dimension. Priority areas for improvement include strengthening end-to-end encryption, expanding interoperability using HL7-FHIR standards, and integrating the clinic's EMR with regional smart health platforms to advance the Smart Healthy City agenda.
The Effect of Back Massage on Labor Pain in the Active Phase of the First Stage of Labor: A Case Study
Background: Labor pain is one of the physiological experiences encountered by nearly all women in labor, resulting from uterine contractions and cervical dilation. Poorly managed pain can increase anxiety and fatigue, as well as affect the progress of labor. One non-pharmacological method that can be used to reduce labor pain is back massage, which works through nerve stimulation and improved maternal relaxation. Objective: This case study aims to determine the effectiveness of back massage as a strategy for managing labor pain in women during the active phase of the first stage of labor. Methods: This research uses a descriptive method with a case study approach involving one woman in labor during the active phase of the first stage. Pain intensity was measured using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) before and after the back massage intervention. The intervention was performed for 20 minutes on the lumbar and sacral regions using stroking and gentle pressure techniques in accordance with standard procedures. Results: The study results showed a reduction in pain intensity following the administration of back massage. The pain score, which initially stood at 8 (severe pain), decreased to 5 (moderate pain). Additionally, the mother appeared more relaxed, was able to control her breathing better, and felt more comfortable throughout the labor process. Conclusion: Back massage is effective in helping reduce the intensity of labor pain in women during the active phase of the first stage of labor. This intervention can be used as a safe, simple, and easy-to-apply non-pharmacological method in midwifery practice to improve maternal comfort during labor.
Continuity of Care Based on a Holistic Approach to Enhance Postpartum Maternal Adaptation
The postpartum period is a transitional period characterized by physical, psychological, social, and spiritual changes that require a mother to adapt well. A holistic Continuity of Care (CoC) approach plays a role in supporting this adaptation process through the provision of continuous and comprehensive midwifery care. This study aims to describe the implementation of Continuity of Care based on a holistic approach in improving maternal adaptation after childbirth. The method used is a descriptive case study with the provision of continuous midwifery care starting from the third trimester of pregnancy, delivery, the fourth stage of pregnancy, postpartum care, newborn care, and family planning services through physical monitoring, psychological support, health education, breastfeeding assistance, family involvement, and fulfillment of the mother's spiritual needs. The results of the study indicate that mothers are able to adapt well during the postpartum period, characterized by normal physical recovery, successful breastfeeding, the absence of postpartum complications, increased confidence in caring for the baby, and optimal family support. It is concluded that the implementation of Continuity of Care based on a holistic approach can support the physical, psychological, social, and spiritual adaptation of mothers after childbirth, thereby contributing to improving the quality of maternal and infant health.
Comparison of Decision Tree and Gaussian Naive Bayes Algorithms for Classification of Inpatients Based on Hematology Data
Background: Hematology data analysis has an important role in supporting clinical decision-making, particularly in determining patient treatment status. However, manual analysis of laboratory data requires considerable time and may increase the risk of errors. Machine learning approaches can assist in identifying clinical patterns from hematology data. Objective: This study aims to compare the performance of Decision Tree and Gaussian Naive Bayes algorithms in classifying inpatient and outpatient status based on hematology laboratory data. Methods: This quantitative experimental study applied a Knowledge Discovery in Databases approach. The dataset consisted of 4,412 hematology examination records obtained from a public dataset. Data preprocessing included data cleansing, feature encoding, and data splitting into 80% training data and 20% testing data. Decision Tree and Gaussian Naive Bayes algorithms were implemented using Python and evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score metrics. Results: The Decision Tree algorithm achieved better performance than Gaussian Naive Bayes, with an accuracy of 73.61%, precision of 66.67%, recall of 69.47%, and F1-score of 68.04%. Meanwhile, Gaussian Naive Bayes obtained an accuracy of 68.63%, precision of 64.71%, recall of 49.30%, and F1-score of 55.96%. Conclusion: Decision Tree demonstrated superior performance in classifying patient treatment status based on hematology data. Its ability to generate interpretable clinical decision patterns makes it more suitable for supporting clinical decision support systems compared with Gaussian Naive Bayes.
The Effectiveness of Autogenic Relaxation Therapy on Depression in Elderly Women at the Aisyiyah Surakarta Elderly Home
Background: An elderly person is defined as someone aged 60 years or older who has undergone various physical, psychosocial, and psychological changes. Depression is a mental health issue that can impair functional ability and quality of life if not promptly addressed. Autogenic relaxation therapy is a self-administered therapy utilizing short phrases that focus on regulating bodily functions, ranging from breathing to heart rate. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of autogenic relaxation therapy for elderly women at the Aisyiyah Surakarta Nursing Home. Methods: A quasi-experimental design was employed specifically, an untreated control group design with dependent pretest and posttest samples involving two groups: a treatment group and a control group. The study sample consisted of 40 respondents selected via total sampling. The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) was used as the research instrument. Ultimately, 32 respondents met the inclusion criteria (16 in the treatment group and 16 in the control group), while 8 respondents fell under the exclusion criteria. Results: The results showed that the mean depression score in the treatment group decreased from 7.81 to 3.50, whereas the control group showed no change, remaining at a mean of 8.25. Paired t-test results indicated a significant difference in the treatment group (p=0.000), while no significant difference was found in the control group between pre- and post-measurement depression scores. Conclusion: Independent t-test results revealed a significant difference between the treatment and control groups (p=0.000), demonstrating that autogenic relaxation therapy is effective in reducing depression levels among elderly women at the Aisyiyah Surakarta Nursing Home.
Analysis of Drug Management Compliance Based on WHO Indicators at a Type C Public Hospital
Background: Drug management plays a fundamental role in ensuring medicine avaibility, patient safety, and efficient use of healthcare resources in hospital. Assessing compliance with standardized drug management indicators is essential for identifying gaps in pharmaceutical services and supporting continuous quality improvement. Objective: This study aimed to analyze drug management compliance based on the World Health Organization indicators at a Type C public hospital. Methods: A descriptive retrospective study was conducted using drug management record from January to December 2024, complemented by direct observation and interviews with pharmacy personnel. The assessment covered four domains, including drug selection, procurement, distribution, and drug use. Result: The findings showed that formulary compliance reached 84%, available procurement funding was 113% of the estimated requiment, procurement accuracy was 101%, stock card accuracy was 100%, medicine avaibility was maintened for 14 months, expired medicines accounted for 0.5%, and dead stock represented 6% of total inventory. The avarege number of medicines per prescription was 2.7 items, generic prescribing accounted for 59% of prescriptions, and average dispensing times were 50 minutes for compounded prescriptions and 23 minutes for non-compounded prescriptions. Although several indicators met recommended standards, formulary compliance, generic prescribing, inventory turner, and dead stock management require further improvement. Conclusion: Strenghtening evidence-based pharmaceutical management is necessary to enhance service quality and optimize medicine utilization in public hospitals.
"Nandur Kabecikan, Ngundhuh Kawibawan”: A Conceptual Review of School Children's Self-Confidence in The Perspective of Javanese Cosmology and Transcultural Nursing
Background: School children's self-confidence is commonly measured using indicators of assertiveness and verbal initiative derived from individualistic psychology. However, in Javanese culture, self-confidence is expressed through social harmony, proper manners, and self-control, which are often misunderstood as low self-esteem. The philosophy of nandur kabecikan, ngundhuh kawibawan (planting goodness, harvesting dignity) provides an alternative perspective that views self-confidence as a result of cultivating goodness that eventually leads to dignity and social recognition. Objective: This literature review aimed to synthesize empirical evidence regarding the construction of school children's self-confidence within Javanese cosmology and identify its implications for transcultural mental health nursing. Methods: A literature review was conducted on empirical articles published between 2014 and 2024. Literature searches were performed through Google Scholar, Garuda, Neliti, DOAJ, and Scopus databases. From 46 identified articles, six relevant studies examining self-confidence, self-esteem, and psychological well-being among children and adolescents with Javanese cultural backgrounds were included. Data were analyzed using a narrative-thematic approach. Results: Three themes emerged: internal foundations through self-compassion and self-regulation; socialization processes through parenting and family affection; and cultural identity outcomes reflected in psychological well-being and self-esteem. These findings indicate that self-confidence is relational, moral, and context-dependent. Self-confidence among Javanese children develops through family-based cultivation of goodness and results in socially recognized dignity rather than self-promotion. Conclusion: Transcultural mental health nursing should incorporate culturally relevant values in assessment and intervention.
Effect of Ethanol Concentration on the Antioxidant Activity of Red Spinach (Amaranthus tricolor L.) Leaves.
Background: Red spinach (Amaranthus tricolor L.) is an important source of anthocyanins and flavonoids with promising antioxidant activity. This activity is influenced by extraction conditions, particularly ethanol concentration. Objective: This study evaluated the effect of 50%, 73%, and 96% ethanol concentrations on the antioxidant activity of red spinach leaf extracts. Methods: Leaves were extracted using Ultrasound Assisted Extraction (UAE), and antioxidant activity was determined using the ABTS assay based on IC50 values. Results: The extract obtained using 73% ethanol exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity (IC50 = 42.8 ± 1.35 ppm), whereas 50% and 96% ethanol produced higher IC50 values. Conclusion: Ethanol concentration significantly affected antioxidant activity, and 73% ethanol was the optimum solvent concentration
ABC, VEN and ROP Analysis of Drug Procurement Control in Klaten
Background: Drug availability is a crucial aspect in the delivery of pharmaceutical services. Suboptimal procurement control can lead to stockouts, excess stock, and inefficient budget utilization. Objective: this study aims to evaluate drug procurement using ABC-VEN and Reorder Point (ROP) at the Pharmacy Installation of the Klaten District Health Office. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study used drug use and investment data for 2025. ABC analysis identified investment priorities, VEN determine drug criticality, and ROP to determine reorder time based on daily needs, lead time, and safety stock. Results: The study shows that category A includes 12 drug items (7.79%) accounting for 70.70% of the total investment value. Meanwhile, categories B and C account for 20.04% and 9.26%, respectively. VEN analysis showed that the Essential category dominates with 115 items (74.68%), followed by the Vital category with 22 items (14.29%) and the non-essential category with 17 items (11.04%). The ABC-VEN analysis shows that the Priority (P) and Main (U) groups absorb 42.02% and 50.66% of the total investment value, respectively. The ROP analysis shows that Paracetamol 500 mg tablets have the highest ROP value, 580,089 units. Conclusion: Implementation of the ABC-VEN and ROP methods may improve efficiency and ensure sustainable drug availability
Exploring the Relationship Between Medication Beliefs and Therapy Outcomes Among Hemodialysis Patients at Dr. Moewardi Regional General Hospital
Background: Chronic kidney disease is a progressive and irreversible condition that requires long-term hemodialysis therapy. Continuous treatment may influence patients' beliefs about medicines and therapy outcomes, particularly quality of life. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, medication beliefs, therapy outcomes, and the relationship between medication beliefs and therapy outcomes among hemodialysis patients at Dr. Moewardi Regional General Hospital, Surakarta. Methods: This analytical observational study used a cross-sectional design with purposive sampling and involved 80 respondents. Medication beliefs were assessed using the Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire, quality of life was measured using the World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief questionnaire, and clinical outcomes were evaluated using creatinine clearance values. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses with the Chi-square test at a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: Most respondents had positive medication beliefs (65.0%) and good quality of life (65.0%). Clinical outcomes showed that the majority of respondents had increased creatinine clearance values (85.0%). Statistical analysis using the Chi-square test showed no significant relationship between medication beliefs and quality of life as a therapy outcome (p = 0.065).Conclusion: Medication beliefs were predominantly positive among hemodialysis patients; however, they were not significantly associated with quality of life as a therapy outcome.
The Impact of Working Mothers on Children’s Nutritional Status and Immunization
Background: Indonesian culture tends to place greater responsibility for childcare on the mother. In this modern era, economic needs are increasing, forcing mothers to work to meet the demands of life. Mothers with dual roles, often known as working mothers, are those who, in addition to household responsibilities, also have responsibilities outside the home. Aim: To analyze the impact of working mothers on children's nutritional status and immunization status. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional approach with a total sample of 120 mothers whose children were treated at Kuningan Private Hospital, West Java. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test. Results: There is a relationship between maternal employment status and child immunization status with a p-value of 0.036 <0.05. There is no relationship between maternal employment status and child nutritional status with a p-value of 0.204 >0.05. Conclusions: Housewives pay more attention to the completeness of their children's immunizations than working mothers. A mother's education level influences her knowledge and awareness of the importance of good nutrition for her child. Mothers with higher education tend to have toddlers with better nutritional status due to their greater knowledge of balanced nutrition and proper feeding practices
Exploration Ketapang (Terminalia catappa L.) Leaf Compounds Using SwissADME and Toxtree
Background: The ketapang plant (Terminalia catappa L.) has been used traditionally across generations as a medicinal remedy, particularly its leaves. Ketapang leaves contain active compounds that have the potential to treat gastrointestinal disorders, reduce high blood pressure, and act as antidiabetic and anticancer agents. The exploration phase of natural compounds requires adequate assessment of absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) according to standard parameters. Objective: This study aims to explore the ADMET profiles of 70 active compounds from ketapang leaves using SwissADME and Toxtree. Methods: This research was conducted in silico, utilizing SwissADME for ADME screening, Toxtree for toxicity evaluation, VegaZZ for compound structure optimization, and ChemDraw for 2D and 3D structural preparation. Results: A total of 52 compounds complied with Lipinski’s Rule of Five and pharmacokinetic parameters, while 18 compounds failed to meet Lipinski's criteria. 17 compounds were classified the Low Toxicity category (Class I). 41 compounds were found to be non-carcinogenic and non-mutagenic, whereas 29 compounds exhibited carcinogenic and mutagenic properties. Additionally, 44 compounds showed no mutagenicity alerts against Salmonella typhimurium. Conclusion: Methyl Gallate and Hemipic acid were identified as compounds that satisfy Lipinski’s Rule of Five, Low Toxicity category (Class I), and exhibit neither carcinogenic nor mutagenic properties.
Characteristics of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) Patients; Correlation Study with BPaLM Regimen at RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, with the emergence of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) posing a significant global public health challenge. Indonesia is among the high-burden MDR-TB countries. The introduction of the BPaLM regimen has improved treatment outcomes; however, real-world evidence regarding its effectiveness and association with patient characteristics in referral hospitals remains limited. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of MDR-TB patients and examine their correlation with treatment outcomes of the BPaLM regimen at RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta. Methods: A quantitative observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted using medical record data. A total of 90 patients were selected from 885 MDR-TB cases using the Slovin formula. Independent variables included sociodemographic and clinical characteristics such as age, gender, nutritional status, smoking history, MDR status, previous treatment history, TB drug resistance status, comorbidities, and HIV status. The dependent variable was treatment success. Data were analyzed using Chi-Square test with a significance level of 95% (?=0.05). Results: The majority of patients were aged 25–44 years, male, had normal nutritional status, a history of smoking, and were relapsed cases. The treatment success rate with the BPaLM regimen reached 71.1%. Bivariate analysis showed a significant association between treatment success and gender (p=0.003), nutritional status (p=0.016), smoking history (p=0.011), MDR status (p=0.008), previous treatment history (p<0.001), and TB-RO status (p<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that only TB-RO status was significantly associated with treatment success (OR=6.463; 95%CI=1.610–25.947; p=0.008).
Molecular Docking Study of Active Compounds in Java Turmeric (Curcuma xanthorrhiza) As Potential Inhibitors of The B-Cell Lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) Protein For Breast Cancer Therapy
Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza) contains active compounds that have the potential to have anticancer activity. One potential target for the development of cancer therapy is the Bcl-2 protein which plays a role in maintaining the life of cancer cells so that the protein inhibits programmed cell death in the body. This study aims to analyze the potential of active compounds contained in the temulawak plant as potential inhibitors of Bcl-2 proteins in breast cancer using the molecular docking method and evaluate their toxicity properties. This study was conducted by identifying the active compounds contained in the temulawak plant then drawing them into 2D and 3D structures, downloading the bcl-2 protein macromolecules, positive controls (Venetoclax) and negative controls (Paracetamol) then prepared together with other test compounds, method validation, compound docking to the target protein, analysis of binding affinity values, analysis of amino acid residue interactions, and testing of toxicity parameters. The results showed that the Demethoxycyclocurcumin compound had the best binding affinity with a low energy value of -7.5 kcal/mol, had amino acid hydrogen bond interactions similar to the positive control with amino acid residues ARG A:127, ARG A:139, and TYR A:180, Pi-Cation interactions with ARG residue A:183, Pi-Alkyl with ALA residue A:131. Low toxicity parameters so that the compound can be said to be safe. From this study it can be concluded that the Demethoxycyclocurcumin compound has the potential to be a bcl-2 protein inhibitor, although further research is still needed, namely in vitro and in vivo in experimental animals to evaluate its effects on the growth of cancer-causing cells
Determining Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Severity Levels Using K-Means Clustering: A Data-Driven Approach for Clinical Risk Stratification
Background: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) remains a persistent public health burden in Indonesia, with 12,994 cases reported in Central Java Province in 2023. At a regional general hospital in Surakarta, DHF inpatient cases surged from 48 in 2023 to 610 in 2025, underscoring the urgent need for systematic severity classification. Objective: this study aimed to determine DHF severity levels using K-Means Clustering as a data-driven approach for clinical risk stratification. Methods: A quantitative descriptive design with a retrospective approach was applied to all 610 DHF inpatient cases, yielding 592 valid records after data cleaning. Five clinical variables were analyzed: age, platelet count, hematocrit, hemoglobin, and leukocyte count. Results: Data processing followed the CRISP-DM framework in RapidMiner Studio with K=3. The Davies-Bouldin Index (DBI) value of 0.745 confirmed good clustering quality. Three clusters were identified: Cluster 0 (Dengue Without Warning Signs, n=251, 42.40%), Cluster 1 (Dengue With Warning Signs, n=72, 12.16%), and Cluster 2 (Severe Dengue, n=269, 45.44%). Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that K-Means Clustering effectively supports clinical risk stratification of DHF severity levels, offering a reliable data-driven strategy for timely clinical decision-making in tropical endemic settings
SwissADME And Toxtree Analysis of Neem (Azadirachta indica) Leaf Active Compounds
Neem (Azadirachta indica) leaves have been used as a traditional medicinal plant and possess notable pharmacological activities. The leaves contain active compounds that act as antihyperlipidemic, antioxidant, antibacterial, anticancer, and antiobesity agents. Safety profiling of these compounds requires comprehensive evaluation using established Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity (ADMET) parameters. This study aims to analyze the ADMET profiles of 70 active compounds from neem leaves utilizing the SwissADME and Toxtree methods. The research employed ChemDraw for 2D and 3D structure preparation, VegaZZ for structure optimization, SwissADME for ADME prediction, and Toxtree for toxicity prediction. Out of the 70 analyzed compounds, 51 met the Lipinski's Rule of Five and pharmacokinetic criteria, while 19 compounds failed to meet these criteria. Based on toxicity predictions, 43 compounds met the safety criteria, whereas 27 exhibited potential toxicity. Thymol, Eugenol, Isopulegol, Phenylacetic acid, and 2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol demonstrate favorable ADME profiles and are devoid of carcinogenic and mutagenic properties
Analysis of Factors Causing Pending BPJS Health Claims in Cerebral Infraction in Inpatiens
Background: Pending BPJS Health claims for inpatients diagnosed with cerebral infarction can cause delays in fund disbursement and impact hospital cash flow. Objective: This study aims to analyze the factors causing pending BPJS Health claims for inpatients diagnosed with cerebral infarction using the fishbone diagram method at Hospital X in 2025. Methods: This study employed a qualitative descriptive method with a retrospective approach. Data collection was conducted through observation, interviews, and a review of data related to pending BPJS Health claims for inpatients diagnosed with cerebral infarction in 2025. Results: The results showed that there were 422 cases of pending claims, consisting of 19 cases (2.73%) related to administrative aspects, 421 cases (60.40%) related to coding aspects, and 257 cases (36.87%) related to medical aspects. The most dominant issues occurred in the coding aspect, particularly regarding the confirmation of new cerebral infarction or sequelae codes, as well as the removal of hemiplegia codes, which are clinical manifestations of cerebral infarction. Fishbone analysis indicates that the causes of pending claims stem from man, machine, method, and material factors, with the dominant factor being differences in perception between coders and BPJS Kesehatan verifiers. Conclusion: Therefore, improved coordination, evaluation, and alignment of perceptions between hospitals and BPJS Kesehatan are necessary to reduce the occurrence of pending claims.
Relationship Between Completeness Medical Information and Accuracy of Gastroenteritis Diagnosis Codes in Inpatients at RSUD dr. Soediran Mangun Sumarso Wonogiri 2025
Completeness of medical information is a critical prerequisite for accurate ICD-10 diagnosis coding. Incomplete documentation may lead to coding errors that distort morbidity data and impair healthcare reimbursement accuracy. This study aimed to determine the relationship between completeness of medical information and accuracy of gastroenteritis diagnosis codes among inpatients at RSUD dr. Soediran Mangun Sumarso Wonogiri in 2025. A quantitative analytic study with a cross-sectional design was used. Simple random sampling yielded 252 medical record documents from a population of 680 gastroenteritis inpatient cases. Data were collected through structured checklist observation of five medical information items and ICD-10 coding accuracy review, supplemented by guided interviews. Chi-square analysis was performed using SPSS. Results showed that 94.84% of documents (239/252) had complete medical information and 90.48% (228/252) had accurate diagnosis codes. Chi-square testing revealed a statistically significant relationship between completeness of medical information and coding accuracy (p = 0.001; OR = 13.091; 95% CI: 4.163–41.170). These findings confirm that complete medical documentation increases the likelihood of accurate ICD-10 coding by 13-fold, highlighting the necessity of comprehensive clinical documentation in hospital information management.
The Role of Community Health Cadres in Community-Based Stunting Prevention: A Phenomenological Qualitative Study
Background: Stunting remains a major public health challenge requiring a community-based approach with active involvement from community health cadres. Objective: this study aimed to examine the role of community health cadres in stunting prevention by analyzing research trends, identifying factors influencing cadre performance, and exploring conceptual and methodological gaps in previous studies. Methods: A descriptive-synthetic literature review was conducted on 28 scientific articles retrieved through the Consensus search engine, including publications from reputable international journals (Q1–Q4) and nationally accredited Sinta-indexed journals. Data were analyzed using extraction and thematic synthesis to identify key themes related to cadres’ knowledge, skills, motivation, functions, social support, and health system support. Results: The findings show that community health cadres play multidimensional roles encompassing educational, technical, social, and collaborative functions in stunting prevention. However, the effectiveness of these roles depends on individual competencies, community acceptance, and the strength of health system support. The study concludes that cadres’ roles should be understood within a holistic community-based health system framework. Conclusion: these findings strengthen the conceptual understanding of community health cadres and provide a basis for developing more contextual, evidence-based, and sustainable community-based stunting prevention programs and future research.
Analysis of Clinical and Laboratory Data As A Basis For Targeting Interventions To Prevent Vertical Transmission In Pregnant Women
The Triple Elimination Program aims to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B through routine screening and early detection during pregnancy. This study aimed to analyze the clinical and laboratory characteristics of pregnant women undergoing Triple Elimination screening to identify groups requiring greater attention during antenatal care. This descriptive study used secondary data from the medical records of 75 pregnant women who underwent Triple Elimination screening at the Jayengan Community Health Center, Surakarta City. Variables analyzed included maternal age, education, occupation, gestational age, parity, nutritional status based on mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), hemoglobin (Hb) level, and HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B screening results. Most respondents were aged 20–35 years (84.0%), had completed high school education (72.0%), worked as housewives (73.3%), were in the first trimester (89.3%), and were primiparous (77.3%). The majority had normal nutritional status based on MUAC (97.3%) and normal Hb levels (80.0%). All participants tested non-reactive for HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B. These findings indicate generally favorable maternal health. However, routine assessment of nutritional status and hemoglobin levels remains essential to identify pregnant women requiring closer monitoring and appropriate antenatal interventions, promoting optimal maternal and fetal health outcomes while supporting early detection and timely management.
Analysis Of Differences In Erythrocyte Index As An Indicator Of Early Hematological Changes In Prediabetes And Normoglycemic Individuals
Background: Prediabetes is a transitional state characterized by impaired glucose regulation that triggers oxidative stress and metabolic changes, potentially altering erythrocyte morphology before the onset of type 2 diabetes. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the differences in erythrocyte indices between individuals with prediabetes and normoglycemia to identify early hematological changes. Methods: A quantitative observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design was conducted using secondary medical record data from eighty subjects, equally divided into prediabetes and normoglycemia groups through consecutive sampling. Data analysis utilized independent t-tests and Mann-Whitney U tests. Results: The results demonstrated a significantly higher mean corpuscular volume in the prediabetes group compared to the normoglycemia group. Additionally, the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration was significantly lower in prediabetic individuals. However, the mean corpuscular hemoglobin showed no significant difference between the two groups. In conclusion, significant structural erythrocyte changes, specifically increased volume and decreased hemoglobin concentration, occur during the prediabetic phase. Conclusion: These findings suggest that specific erythrocyte indices could serve as potential early hematological biomarkers for detecting metabolic deterioration associated with glucose regulation disorders.
Correlation Between RPR And O Agglutinin Titers In Typhoid Fever
Typhoid fever remains a significant disease burden in developing countries like Indonesia. The Widal O test is commonly used for supportive diagnosis, but cross-reactivity and background antibodies limit its interpretation in endemic regions. Recently, the Red Cell Distribution Width-to-Platelet Ratio (RPR) has emerged as a novel inflammatory marker. This retrospective analytical study evaluated the correlation between RPR and Widal O titers in 32 adult patients with suspected typhoid fever. Data including RDW, platelet count, and Widal O titers were collected from medical records. RPR was calculated as RDW (%) divided by platelet count (103/?L). Spearman's rank correlation test showed a mean RPR value of 0.063 ± 0.027, with Widal O titers ranging from 1:80 to 1:320. A weak but statistically significant positive correlation was found between RPR and Widal O titers (r = 0.391, p = 0.027). In conclusion, RPR correlates positively with Widal O titers, suggesting its potential as a cost-effective supportive inflammatory marker alongside traditional serological testing in typhoid fever patients.
Effect Of Ultrafiltration Volume On Hemoglobin And Hematocrit Profiles In Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis
Background: Chronic kidney disease is commonly associated with anemia caused by reduced erythropoietin production and impaired hematological function. Hemodialysis with ultrafiltration removes excess body fluid and may influence hemoglobin and hematocrit concentrations through changes in plasma volume. However, the relationship between ultrafiltration volume and hematological changes remains uncertain. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of ultrafiltration volume on hemoglobin and hematocrit profiles in chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis. Methods: This study used an observational analytic design with a retrospective approach. Data were obtained from medical records of chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis at RST Slamet Riyadi Surakarta. A total of 30 patients were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Hemoglobin, hematocrit, and ultrafiltration volume before and after hemodialysis were analyzed using paired sample testing and Spearman correlation analysis. Results: The majority of patients were male, aged 50–59 years, and had undergone hemodialysis for 1–5 years. The average ultrafiltration volume was 2562.29 milliliters. Hemoglobin levels showed a slight decrease after hemodialysis, while hematocrit levels showed a slight increase. Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences in hemoglobin and hematocrit levels before and after hemodialysis. Ultrafiltration volume also showed no significant correlation with changes in hemoglobin and hematocrit. Conclusion: Ultrafiltration volume during a single hemodialysis session does not significantly affect hemoglobin and hematocrit changes. Hematological profiles in chronic kidney disease patients are likely influenced by multiple factors related to chronic anemia and disease progression.
Correlating Work Motivation, Job Satisfaction, and Performance Among Remote Archipelagic Nurses
Nurses working in remote, border, and island areas face complex geographic, infrastructure, and resource limitations that create significant professional challenges in delivering sustainable healthcare services. This study aimed to determine the correlation between work motivation, job satisfaction, and performance among nurses in public health centers in Sangihe Islands Regency. A quantitative cross-sectional design was employed, with a study population consisting of all nurses across public health centers in the regency. A total of 72 nurses were selected through purposive sampling, specifically those working on small islands. Results showed that the majority of nurses had high job satisfaction (76.4%), while performance was predominantly in the sufficient category (56.9%). No significant relationship was found between work motivation and job satisfaction (?² = 0.006; p = 0.936); however, a significant relationship existed between work motivation and nurse performance (?² = 19.039; p = 0.000), with 76.9% of highly motivated nurses demonstrating good performance. These findings suggest that work motivation substantially contributes to improved nurse performance, whereas job satisfaction is more strongly shaped by organizational and environmental factors. Improving nurse performance in island regions therefore requires strengthening work motivation alongside systemic reforms in organizational policies, working conditions, and broader health system support.
Analysis Of Essential Oil Compound Content Of Lemongrass (Cymbopogon Nardus L. Rendle) And Lavender (Lavandula Angustifolia) Using The Gc-Ms Method
Background: Essential oils are volatile compounds that are widely used in the fields of health, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and aromatherapy because they have various biological activities. Lemongrass (Cymbopogon nardus L. Rendle) and lavender(Lavandula angustifolia) is an aromatic plant that produces essential oils with potential relaxant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and insect repellent activities. Objective: This study aims to obtain essential oils from citronella and lavender through steam distillation and identify their chemical compound profiles using the Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) method. Methods: 6000 g of citronella and lavender simplicia were distilled for ±7 hours. The essential oil yield obtained was then calculated and analyzed using GC-MS. Results: The results showed that the yield of lavender essential oil was 0.51%, higher than the yield of citronella essential oil of 0.44%. GC-MS analysis identified 27 compounds in citronella essential oil, with the main components being 2,6-octadien-1-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-, (Z)- (31.73%), citronellol (27.78%), E-citral (9.60%), neral (7.61%), and citronellal (2.18%). Meanwhile, lavender essential oil contains 39 compounds, with the dominant components being eucalyptol (34.41%), bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-one, 1,7,7-trimethyl- (14.10%), ?-bisabolol (12.19%), linalool (10.85%) and Bicyclo 3.1.1heptane,6,6-dimethyl-2-methyle (5.26%). The results of the study indicate that steam distillation is effective in obtaining essential oils from citronella and lavender, while GC-MS analysis can comprehensively identify their volatile components. Conclusion: These findings can serve as a basis for characterizing and controlling the quality of essential oils, which have the potential to be developed as raw materials for pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and aromatherapy
Analysis Of Essential Oil Compound Content Of Fennel Seeds (Foeniculum Vulgare Mill.) And Lavender (Lavandula Angustifolia) Using The Gs-Ms Method
Fennel seeds (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) and lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) is a part of of aromatic plants that produce essential oils with various biological activities and are widely used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and aromatherapy industries. Identification of compounds in essential oils can be done using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), which offers high sensitivity and excellent separation capabilities. This study aims to obtain essential oils from fennel seeds and lavender through steam distillation methods and analyze their chemical compound content using GC-MS. Essential oils were obtained through steam distillation for 7 hours and then the yield percentage was calculated, the results showed that the yield of fennel seed essential oil was 1.05% and lavender was 0.51%. The results of GC-MS analysis showed that fennel seed essential oil contained 10 identified compounds, with the compounds with the highest area percentage being benzene, 1-methoxy-4-(1-propenyl) (anethole) at 45.60%, methyl chavicol at 26.60%, 1,2,3-trimethyl bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol at 20.63%, and limonene at 3.06%. Meanwhile, lavender essential oil contains 39 identified compounds, with eucalyptol having the highest area percentage at 34.41%, followed by bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-one,1,7,7-trimethyl at 14.10%, ?-bisabolol at 12.19%, linalool at 10.85%, and bicyclo3.1.1heptane, 6,6-dimethyl-2-methylene at 5.26%. The results showed that the GC-MS method was effective in identifying the compound profiles of fennel and lavender essential oils.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Hypertension Among Adults Attending UST-Hospital Sana’a
Background: Hypertension is a major public health challenge and a leading modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and chronic renal diseases worldwide. Despite its burden, local data in Yemen remain limited. Objective: This study aims to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and identify its associated risk factors among adults attending University of Science and Technology Hospital, Sana’a, Yemen. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2024 among 241 adults aged ?18 years. The data were collected using a face-to-face structured questionnaire. P- value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The overall prevalence of hypertension was 23.6%. the proportions of Current smokers and diabetes mellitus were 16.6% and 18.7% respectively. Multivariable analysis showed that age (OR= 1.043, 95% CI: 1.017 – 1.070, P<0.001), marital status (OR= 2.898 – 10.476, P= 0.015 –0.006) for married and widowed respectively, diabetes mellitus (OR= 4.400, 95%, P<0.001), current smokers (OR= 4.359, P=0.035) were significantly associated with hypertension, while past smoking was not significant. Conclusion: hypertension is prevalent among adults attending the study setting, and significantly associated with modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. Early screening and targeted public health interventions are recommended.
Analysis Of Senior Secondary School Students Difficulties In Ecology, Biology Ogun State Nigeria
The study investigated difficult concepts in ecology and examined school factors influencing difficulties in learning ecological aspects of biology as perceived by students.The research adopted a descriptive survey with a mixed method approach. The population consists of senior secondary school students offering biology in both public and private schools in Obafemi Owode Local Government area of Ogun State, Nigeria. A sample of 739 students, including 376 from public schools and 363 from private schools, was selected using purposive sampling techniques. Data was collected through a self-designed structured questionnaire and analyzed using statistical methods including percentages, means, standard deviation, and t-test of significance.Findings indicate that while students generally find basic ecological definitions easy and straightforward, they encounter challenges with complex processes, interrelationships, and detailed examples. Students' learning was influenced by school factors including the use of audio-visual aids and teacher-student relationships, government policies, funding support, and environmental factors.To suffice, a holistic approach considering student characteristics, school environments, government policies, and local ecological contexts are crucial for fostering a deeper understanding of ecological concepts and principles among senior secondary school students. In addition, comprehensive support frameworks, enhanced school factors, and integration of environmental education to improve ecological education outcomes for all students is necessary.
Developing a Digital-Based Frailty Screening for Community-Based Elderly Monitoring
Background: Frailty is a new challenge in the aging population that is often not properly detected. There is Skrining Lansia Sederhana (SKILAS), screening instrument for elderly that conduct at Posyandu Lansia. But, SKILAS is paper based instrument and cadres must be accompanied by Puskesmas officers who are often absent during the Elderly Posyandu activities. Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop a digital-based frailty screening questionnaire. Methods: The research design is Research and Development (R&D) using a multi-stage approach which includes: collecting qualitative data and quantitative data. The research conducted at the Dahlia Mandiri Elderly Posyandu in Tegal Malohan, Buntalan, Klaten at January-April 2026, with 6 cadres as research subjects and 55 elderly as research objects. The sampling technique used is the total sampling method. The experts involved in this activity consist of 1 Geriatrician (a doctor) and 1 Health Information Systems Experts. Data analysis used in this study are phenomeno-logical analysis and I-CVI (Item-level Content Validity Index) combined with Universal Agreement (UA) calculations. The interface design includes: Page 1. Registration Page; Page 2. Questionnaire Page and Page 3. Results/Summary page. Results: The calculation results showed that the majority of items achieved a consistent relevance score (3 or 4) from both experts. The success of these items in achieving an I-CVI of 1.00 indicates that conceptually, the questions accurately represent the indicators of the variables they were intended to measure. Conclusion: Meanwhile, for item Depression 2, which received an I-CVI of 0.50 (rated relevant by only one expert), the researchers conducted revisions.