FOOT EXERCISE ON FOOT SENSITIVITY IN DIABETIC PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Abstract

Abstract is written in English in single paragraph, 150-200 words, and should contain the background and the aim of the paper, methods, main results, and conclusions. Avoid using abbreviations and citations. Abstract is written in English in single paragraph, 150-200 words, and should contain the background and the aim of the paper, methods, main results, and conclusions. Avoid using abbreviations and citations. Abstract is written in English in single paragraph, 150-200 words, and should contain the background and the aim of the paper, methods, main results, and conclusions. Avoid using abbreviations and citations. Abstract is written in English in single paragraph, 150-200 words, and should contain the background and the aim of the paper, methods, main results, and conclusions. Avoid using abbreviations and citations. Abstract is written in English in single paragraph, 150-200 words, and should contain the background and the aim of the paper, methods, main results, and conclusions. Avoid using abbreviations and citations. (Times New Roman 10pt, single space). Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN) is one of the most common chronic complications of diabetes mellitus, characterized by decreased foot sensitivity, numbness, tingling, pain, and an increased risk of foot ulcers and amputation. Various non-pharmacological interventions have been developed to improve peripheral circulation and nerve function, including foot exercise. However, evidence regarding the effectiveness of foot exercise in improving foot sensitivity among patients with DPN remains scattered across studies. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of foot exercise interventions on foot sensitivity in patients with Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy. A systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, and Google Scholar were searched for relevant studies published between 2015 and 2025. The inclusion criteria comprised experimental and quasi-experimental studies involving adult patients with diabetes mellitus and Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy who received foot exercise interventions. Data extraction and quality appraisal were performed independently by reviewers, and findings were synthesized narratively. A total of 10 studies met the inclusion criteria. The reviewed studies consistently demonstrated that foot exercise significantly improved foot sensitivity, peripheral blood circulation, balance, and lower-extremity function among patients with DPN. Several studies reported significant improvements in monofilament test scores, vibration perception, and sensory function following regular foot exercise programs performed for 1-2 weeks. The positive effects were associated with increased blood flow, enhanced muscle activity, and stimulation of peripheral nerve function.