FRASA: ENGLISH EDUCATION AND LITERATURE JOURNAL
Journal Title : FRASA: English Education and Literature Journal Journal Initials : FRASA ISSN (Online) : 2807-8195 DOI Prefix : 10.47701 Type of Peer-Review : Double-Blind Frequency : Semi Annually (March and September) Editor in Chief : <span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; color: black; mso-themecolor: text1; mso-ansi-language: EN-ID; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">Winarti, S.Hum., M.A. , (SINTA ID: 6805945<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; color: black; mso-themecolor: text1; mso-ansi-language: EN-ID; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">) Publisher : Universitas Duta Bangsa Surakarta Abstracting & Indexing : SINTA 3, DOAJ, EBSCO, ROAD, BASE, Crossref, Semantic Scholar, Dimension, Open Alex, Scilit, WorldCat,Garuda Google Scholar (Online Library Catalogs) Universiteit Leiden , University of Liverpool , Durham University , The University of Nothingham , University of Bristol , Harvard University )
RECONCEPTUALIZING CLASSROOM ECOLOGY: SPATIAL SEATING DYNAMICS AND STUDENT ENGAGEMENT IN THE EFL TEACHING OF INDONESIAN SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Student engagement is globally known as one of the crucial indicators of effective language learning, especially in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classrooms, in which interaction and communication are the core pedagogical processes. While many studies have thoroughly examined teaching strategies for enhancing engagement, limited focus has been given to the role of classroom spatial organization in developing student engagement. Particularly, the pedagogical implications of seating arrangements are underexplored within the Indonesian high school EFL context. This conceptual paper develops a theoretical framework which links interactive seating arrangements and student engagement in Indonesian high school EFL classrooms. Drawing on Sociocultural and Ecological Theories, the paper utilizes the methodology of conceptual synthesis and integrative literature review to study the influence of classroom spaces on classroom engagement, collaborative learning, and participatory teaching and learning activities. The findings show that interactive seating arrangements should be seen not merely as physical classroom layouts but as pedagogical and ecological structures facilitating classroom interaction, collaboration, communication, and active participation. The review also recognizes contextual and theoretical gaps in existing research, especially the limited attention to classroom ecology in high school EFL education in the Indonesian context. According to the findings, the paper proposes a framework providing the reconceptualization of seating arrangements as a crucial component of language learning ecology. Furthermore, the paper contributes to the growing literature on student engagement by incorporating ecological perspectives into Indonesian EFL education and offers practical implications for educators and school stakeholders to design more interactive and student-centred language learning
Seating Arrangements, Student Engagement, English Language Learning, Classroom Interaction, Conceptual Framework
Copyright (c) 2026 Mustasyfa Thabib Kariadi, Agung Nugroho, Saud Albusaidi, Trikarti Rahayu, Nicholas Booth, Tuswadi Tuswadi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
HUMAN-AI CO-TEACHING: ENHANCING PEDAGOGICAL AGENCY OF PRE-SERVICE ENGLISH TEACHERS
Generative AI in the education sector is quickly becoming a successful application, offering new opportunities but also challenges in teacher education, particularly within the English as a Foreign Language (EFL) context. One of the current popular technologies is ChatGPT, which has potential in assisting in teaching, reflection, and teacher professional development. However, a lack of research has focused on pre-service English teachers' perceptions of ChatGPT or how those perceptions may influence a teacher's perception of professional empowerment. An empirical qualitative research method will be used in this paper, analyzing Indonesian preservice higher education teachers' perceptions of ChatGPT in EFL teacher preparation programs, how they use ChatGPT, and how those perceptions may influence preservice teachers' perceptions of professional empowerment. Methods of research include conducting in-depth semi-structured interviews, analyzing findings through a thematic assessment. Findings also show how preservice teachers' perceptions of ChatGPT, an empowering cognitive/teaching tool, influence preservice teachers' perceptions of overall personal/professional teacher empowerment. Also identified are five increasingly interrelated perspectives of preservice teachers' perceptions of teacher empowerment, including identity, teaching competence, technological agency, teaching efficacy, and teaching innovation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ryan Purnomo, Nunung Suryati, Mohammad Rif’attullah, Fadhl Mohammed Awadh Gharamah, Evi Mahsunah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
WHEN TRAUMA CANNOT SPEAK: SILENCE AND DESTRUCTIVE PLASTICITY IN HAN KANG’S THE VEGETARIAN
Structural violence and patriarchal domination remain significant threats to women’s existence, particularly within collective societies. This study examines Han Kang’s novel, The Vegetarian, to investigate the protagonist’s radical transformation as a response to systemic oppression. While existing research often focuses on psychological or feminist perspectives, there is a lack of analysis regarding how structural violence materially produces a new subjectivity through Catherine Malabou’s theory of destructive plasticity. This qualitative study employs a thematic approach to analyze the novel, complemented by a biographical approach to trace the author's life trajectory through secondary data, specifically published written interviews with Han Kang spanning from 2016 to 2024. The analysis suggests that Yeong-hye’s transformation constitutes an "ontological accident" triggered by latent childhood trauma and domestic objectification. This process produces a "New Wounded" subject who adopts a vegetal identity to achieve total detachment from a world perceived as inherently violent. Furthermore, the study posits that the erasure of Yeong-hye’s voice reflects South Korea's socio-legal and patriarchal structures, representing a strategic choice to highlight the subject’s alienation. Ultimately, this research concludes that becoming non-human constitutes a radical political act of extraction, allowing the subject to exist beyond the reach of patriarchal jurisdiction.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sysilia Putri Agustin, Kholidah Uci Elly, Sulistya Ningtyas https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE MAIN CHARACTER IN OPPENHEIMER (2023) MOVIE
The exploration of human psychological aspects is essential to understanding character development, particularly within cinematic narratives. Although previous psychological studies on film characters have extensively examined internal mental conflicts, they frequently overlook how these dimensions interact with broader narrative contexts, ethical dilemmas, and institutional power dynamics. To address this gap, this study aims to analyse the psychological aspects of the main character in Christopher Nolan's film Oppenheimer (2023) through the lens of Bernhardt's (1953) theory of human motivation. Employing a qualitative method with non-participant observation techniques, this research examines dialogues, scenes, non-verbal expressions, and actions based on five motivational classifications: appetites, wants, emotions, feelings and attitudes, and social motives. The analysis was validated through researcher triangulation during the data grouping and psychological interpretation stages. The findings reveal that while all classifications within Bernhardt’s framework are present, the emotional aspect emerges as the most dominant. This dominance directly reflects the intense inner conflict triggered by the moral pressure, scientific responsibility, and political power dynamics faced by the protagonist. In conclusion, these findings indicate that character development in films is profoundly driven by ongoing emotional struggles, thereby enriching literary and film psychology by integrating character analysis with complex historical and ethical contexts.
Copyright (c) 2026 I Gusti Putra Kamayana, Komang Satria Wirasa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
LEXICAL AND CONTEXTUAL MEANINGS OF ALIENATION IN RADIOHEAD’S OK COMPUTER SONGS
This study investigates how lexical and contextual meanings construct the theme of alienation in three songs from Radiohead's album OK Computer, namely ok, No Surprises, and Karma Police. The primary objective is to examine the interaction between lexical and contextual meanings in constructing alienation, an area that remains underexplored in semantic studies of song lyrics. A descriptive qualitative approach is employed, analyzing nine representative linguistic units, three from each song, selected from the lyrics. The analysis is guided by Kroeger's framework of lexical meaning and Feist's framework of contextual significance. The findings reveal that alienation is encoded through semantic domains such as emptiness, injury, waste, authority, technology, and identity. At the lexical level, expressions like 'emptiest,' 'landfill,' and 'karma' carry stable denotative meanings. However, within the album's thematic context, these meanings transform into symbolic representations of psychological detachment, emotional exhaustion, alienated labor, social surveillance, technological dehumanization, and identity fragmentation. The study concludes that alienation emerges implicitly through the interaction between lexical choice and discourse context, demonstrating that meaning in song lyrics is dynamic and context-dependent. These findings highlight the importance of integrating lexical and contextual perspectives in semantic analysis of contemporary musical texts.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sulistio Tri Widodo, Ismawati Ike Nugraeni, Zulia Chasanah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
PERCEPTIONS AND EXPERIENCES OF SENIOR ENGLISH TEACHERS INTEGRATING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE INTO ELT PRACTICES
The world of English Language Teaching (ELT) is being transformed by Artificial Intelligence (AI) through the creation of language materials, automated feedback, and skills enhancement; however, the use of AI by senior educators has been under-researched. This qualitative descriptive case study, based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), investigates senior English teachers’ perceptions of AI integration, especially with applications like ChatGPT and Grammarly, in secondary school English Language Teaching (ELT) practices. Four experienced English teachers were given open-ended questionnaires online, and the data were analyzed through theme analysis. The findings show five major themes: positive perceptions of AI as an adjunct tool; concerns over cheating, student reliance, and data security; average institutional readiness for AI-infused English Language Teaching (ELT), between 30% and 60% due to lack of digital literacy and infrastructure; needs for transparent, ELT-specific usage guidelines; and aspirations for the ethical and creative deployment of AI in educational contexts. The study concludes that focused professional development and policy support are key to addressing digital literacy disparities and fostering ethical AI adoption among senior teachers.
Copyright (c) 2026 Tsabitha Asfarina Putri, Yeny Prastiwi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
EXPLORING STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS OF DIGITAL MEDIA INTEGRATION IN EFL CLASSROOMS
This study examined how PowerPoint, YouTube, Canva, and Quizizz are used by an English teacher in face-to-face classroom instruction and how tenth-grade students perceive the impact of each platform on their interest, comprehension, motivation, and activeness in learning English. Drawing on Mayer's Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning and Self-Determination Theory, a descriptive qualitative design was employed, with data collected through classroom observations and semi-structured interviews involving eight purposively selected tenth-grade students at SMA Muhammadiyah Purworejo and SMA Muhammadiyah Kutoarjo, Purworejo Regency. Data were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles and Huberman through inductive coding and thematic analysis. The findings reveal that each platform served a distinct instructional function: PowerPoint for structured content delivery, YouTube for audiovisual input and pronunciation modeling, Canva for visual vocabulary instruction, and Quizizz as a gamified assessment tool. All eight students (8/8) reported increased interest and comprehension, seven of eight (7/8) reported motivational gains, and critical perceptions also emerged among four students (4/8) regarding internet disruption, alongside cognitive overload, time-pressure anxiety, and passive engagement during video viewing. The main contribution of this study is that the effectiveness of digital media integration depends on the alignment between platform affordances, pedagogical purpose, learner needs, and infrastructural support, not merely on the use of technology.
Copyright (c) 2026 Afritya Khairunisah, Titi Rokhayati, Abdul Ngafif https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
THE INTELLIGIBILITY OF THAI ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION AMONG THAI ENGLISH TEACHERS
English has become a global language essential in education, diplomacy, and intercultural communication. Effective communication in English is increasingly dependent on intelligibility, the ease with which a listener can comprehend speech, rather than adhering to native-speaker norms. This study examines the intelligibility of Thai-accented English, focusing on four Thai English teachers at a kindergarten in Sadao, Thailand, as perceived by four non-Thai listeners, specifically Indonesian student teachers participating in a teaching practicum (PPL). Data were collected from audio recordings of the teachers’ speech and semi-structured interviews with the listeners. Using a qualitative case study approach, the findings indicate that segmental features, such as the substitution of /r/ with /l/ (for example, rice pronounced as lice), and difficulties in reading passages were observed to lead to misunderstandings. Intelligibility was also influenced by both the speakers’ pronunciation and the listeners’ familiarity with Thai-accented English. This study contributes to the field of English as a Lingua Franca (ELF), highlighting that intelligibility rather than native-like pronunciation is key for effective intercultural communication.
Copyright (c) 2026 Siti Rahayu, Andi Syahputra, Sari Diana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS OF WAYGROUND AI IN GAME-BASED LEARNING FOR ENHANCING ENGLISH VOCABULARY AT MAN PURWOREJO
The game-based learning tools have been widely used in educational settings. Limited research has examined students’ perceptions of AI-powered game-based learning platforms. This study aimed to investigate students’ perceptions of the use of Wayground AI in game-based learning for enhancing English vocabulary at MAN Purworejo, an Islamic senior high school in Indonesia. A descriptive quantitative survey design was employed involving 25 students selected through purposive sampling, after which data were collected using a 20-item questionnaire based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), covering perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, attitude toward use, behavioral intention, and learning engagement. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, particularly mean scores. The findings revealed generally neutral-to-positive perceptions toward the use of Wayground AI. Among the five constructs, only attitude toward use showed a positive perception (M = 3.51), indicating that students generally enjoyed learning with the platform. Meanwhile, perceived ease of use (M = 3.39), perceived usefulness (M = 3.18), behavioral intention (M = 2.90), and learning engagement (M = 3.29) remained within the neutral category. Item-level analysis showed relatively higher ratings for enjoyment and interest in learning activities, whereas vocabulary retention and intentions for regular future use received lower scores. These findings suggest that Wayground AI can contribute to positive learning experiences and classroom participation. However, its perceived effectiveness for long-term vocabulary retention and sustained independent use remains limited. The study highlights the importance of integrating AI-supported game-based learning with consistent instructional support and follow-up activities to maximize its educational potential.
Students’ Perception, Wayground AI, Game Based Learning, Vocabulary, Technology Acceptance Model
Copyright (c) 2026 Lyra Sandra Mulia, Juita Triana, Zulia Chasanah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
ENHANCING DIGITAL LITERACY IN ENGLISH TEACHERS THROUGH EDUTECHNO-PRENEURSHIP IN ELT
Education in the digital era requires English teachers, particularly pre-service teachers, to develop strong digital technology skills. This explorative case study investigates how digital literacy competence supports the development of edutechno-preneurship in English Language Teaching (ELT). The study involved four participants (two pre-service teachers and two in-service teachers) who had experience in conducting online English instruction. Data were obtained through triangulation of semi-structured interviews, digital literacy questionnaires, and classroom and platform observations. The data were analysed using thematic analysis, which generated six main themes: framing edutechno-preneurship, digital literacy competence, technology as a prime mover, personalized learning, flexibility and accessibility, and collaboration and partnership. The findings reveal that three out of four participants (75%) perceived edutechno-preneurship as the integration of education, technology, and entrepreneurship, while one participant emphasized professional self-development. All participants (100%) demonstrated good to very good levels of digital literacy competence. Observational data confirmed their effective use of various platforms, including Zoom, Google Classroom, TikTok, Canva, and YouTube, for both instructional and content-creation purposes. Most participants (75%) positioned technology as a primary driver of their teaching and entrepreneurial practices and implemented personalized and flexible learning approaches in digital environments. Collaboration was reflected through cross-platform engagement and interaction with wider learning communities. These findings indicate that digital literacy competence functions as a foundational enabler in fostering edutechno-preneurship among English teachers in the digital era.
Digital literacy, Pre-service teachers, Edutechno-preneurship, English language, Educational technology, Innovative teaching
Copyright (c) 2026 Maisa, Naufal Ahnaf Widiyana, Muhammad Indraha Sukmana, Muhammad Fikri Fanani, Mahmud https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
THE ANALYSIS OF MAXIM VIOLATION IN ALL THE BRIGHT PLACES THE MOVIE
This research analyzes maxim violation in the film All the Bright Places (2020). This movie talks about mental health, family, and relationships. The purpose of this research is to find what maxim violations are used in the movie All the Bright Places. The research method used is Descriptive Qualitative by using Grace Theory. The researcher analyzes the data thoroughly, with observations to find data results with explanations that will be compiled in the form of conversational dialogue. This study identifies the maxim violations of quality, quantity, relevance, and manner in the dialog between the main characters, Theodore Finch and Violet Markey. In this study, 9 violations of maxim quality, 3 violations of maxim quantity, 13 violations of maxim relevance and 6 violations of maxim manner were found.
Copyright (c) 2024 Beta Setiawati, Angelika Jeana Rachel, Ahnaf Dzaky Kamaluddin, Sholiyah Sholiyah, Alyssa Nur Rochmah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
INTEGRATION AND ASSIMILATION AS THE IMPACTS OF DIASPORA EXPERIENCE REFLECTED IN THE WANG FAMILY IN THE FAREWELL (2019) MOVIE
This study analyzes The Farewell movie by focusing on the impacts of diaspora experience perceived by the Wang family using Berry's theory. Data of this study is obtained through dialogue and monologue from the movie script. This study is qualitative research through the process of collecting data qualitatively and reporting it descriptively. This study shows how diaspora issues related to integration and assimilation as the impacts of diaspora experience are reflected in The Farewell movie. The results of this study show that the first-generation diaspora experienced cultural integration while the second-generation diaspora experienced cultural assimilation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rahmadila Wulandari, Afina Murtiningrum https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
GENDER STEREOTYPES AND ITS PSYCOLOGICAL IMPACT PORTRAYED IN MULAN 1998 MOVIE
Gender stereotypes are beliefs about individuals’ traits and behaviors based on gender. These preconceptions of gender stereotypes influenced society and shaped individual beliefs, attitudes, and experiences. This study examines the psychological impact of gender stereotypes towards Mulan as reflected in the Mulan (1998) movie. More specifically, this study aims to determine the psychological impact of negative stereotypes on women that are embedded in the beliefs of a patriarchal society. This research applies Erik Erikson’s developmental psychology theory to examine the psychological impact of gender stereotypes on Mulan as an adolescent girl. This study analyzed the data consisting of words, sentences, and dialogues using a qualitative approach. The data was collected through several steps, such as watching and reading the movie script, identifying, and classifying. Based on the findings of this study, Mulan’s psychological development is impacted by gender stereotypes in several aspects, including low self-esteem, future career, and social roles.
Copyright (c) 2024 Diyah Fitri Wulandari, Afresti Fahiratunnisa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
A BASIC OVERVIEW OF THE CHALLENGES IN TEACHING INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION AMONG TERTIARY LEVEL ENGLISH TEACHERS IN CHINA
This paper provides an overview and discussion on the current situation of intercultural communication training and challenges for tertiary English in China. A qualitative meta-analysis was conducted on research articles written both in Chinese language and English during the last two decades (from 2002) to explore reported challenges faced by teachers. Mitigating strategies undertaken were also scrutinized via documents analysis of the assorted papers. The findings showed that instructional efforts to develop intercultural communication competence in tertiary students was previously quite stagnant in its approaches, riddled with various micro and macro level challenges and quite unsuccessful in yielding the desired results. Only within the last decade with the advent of ICT and multimedia technology that concerted efforts could be integrated into producing considerable results. This study puts forth relevant improvement strategies derived from various aspects analyzed. They came in the form of inevitable measures like upgrading the teaching system, improving the quality of teachers, changing the teaching strategies, developing resource hub, developing professional teams and groupings, and optimizing intercultural communication evaluation mechanism. The findings from this study has high transferability and insights for institutions in countries with similar contexts. It also provides beneficial theoretical reference for the training of intercultural communication competence in a foreign language learning context.
Copyright (c) 2023 Xuyiping, Norkhairi Ahmad https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
ANAPHORIC AND CATAPHORIC REFERENCES USED IN THE CHAPEL SHORT STORY
This study aims to analyze the endophoric reference including the types of Anaphora and cataphoric reference that are contained in the short story titled "The Chapel". The researcher uses the descriptive qualitative method to analyze the selection of endophoric reference including the types of Anaphora and cataphoric reference. The data is in the form of a script of "The Chapel" short story. The technique of collecting data by reading the The Chapel short story and then marking words according to the types of anaphoric and cataphoric. The results showed there are 45 anaphoric references and 5 cataphoric references found in the short story.
Systemic Functional Language, Cohesive, Coherence, Reference
Copyright (c) 2023 Ana Shofiana Jamilah, Agnes Larasati , Luthfi Nasiroh Khoirun Nisa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
DEIXIS ANALYSIS IN FANTASTIC BEAST 3: PRAGMATIC APPROACH
This study reveals about the study of deixis through a pragmatic view in the film Fantastic Beasts 3, about the use of deixis by the actors through the speech used. In this case, the writer uses a descriptive method with the following steps: 1) preparation, 2) data collection, and 3) data analysis. The results showed that the most frequent type of deixis used in the film was third person (35.90%), followed by first person (23.08%) and second person (20.51%). Time deixis (5.13%) of the total instances, while place deixis and discursive deixis comprised (12.82%) and (2.56%), respectively. Besides this the result of analysis of this study indicate that the deixis research in this film is related to the moral message that will be conveyed in the story, namely the importance of loyalty, courage, honesty and the struggle against evil enemies. An analysis of the use of deixis in this film gives us a deeper understanding of the characters, their motivations and relationships with one another to the hidden moral messages in their dialogues.
Copyright (c) 2023 Rihlatul Karimah, Zeny Luthvia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
THE IMPACT OF VOCABULARY KNOWLEDGE AND GRAMMAR MASTERY ON STUDENTS' READING COMPREHENSION IN NARRATIVE TEXTS OF UNIVERSITY ENTRANCE EXAMS
This study aims to analyze and test the truth of the hypothesis regarding the influence of Vocabulary and Grammar Mastery on Students' Reading Comprehension in Narrative Texts. The research hypotheses tested include: 1) The influence of Vocabulary and Grammar Mastery together on Reading Comprehension in Narrative Texts. 2) The influence of Vocabulary Mastery on Reading Comprehension in Narrative Texts. 3) The influence of Grammar on Reading Comprehension in Narrative Texts. The study was conducted using a survey method. The population was grade XI students of State Senior High Schools in Bandung City with a sample size of 60 students, with the sampling technique used being random sampling. The research instrument used was a multiple-choice test with 30 options that had been tested for normality with a sig. 0.200 > 0.05. Data analysis used multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the hypothesis testing obtained the following conclusions: 1) There is a significant influence of vocabulary and grammar mastery together on students' reading comprehension in narrative texts. This is evidenced by Fcount = 150.500 and Sig. 0.001 < 0.05. 2) There is a significant influence of vocabulary mastery on students' reading comprehension in narrative texts, this is evidenced by tcount = 8.517 and Sig. 0.001 <0.05. 3) There is a significant influence of grammar on students' reading comprehension in narrative texts, this is evidenced by tcount = 6.059 and Sig. 0.003 <0.05. The results of this study are useful for improving the quality of vocabulary mastery and improving English grammar at the high school level.
Copyright (c) 2025 Revi Nur Ridwan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
INVISIBLE BARRIERS OF CLASS IN EMMA MOVIE BY AUTUMN DE WILDE
Social class remains a central theme in literature and film, reflecting persistent inequalities in human relations. While most studies on Jane Austen’s Emma (2020) emphasize adaptation, gender, or historical settings, limited research has explored how class hierarchy operates ideologically in Autumn de Wilde’s 2020 film adaptation. Addressing this gap, the present study examines the invisible barriers of class in Emma (2020) through a Marxist framework. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, ten selected scenes were analyzed to reveal how clothing, marriage arrangements, and social interactions construct class distinctions. The findings indicate that Emma Woodhouse, representing the bourgeoisie, exercises ideological and cultural authority over Harriet Smith’s decisions, while Harriet’s compliance exemplifies lower-class subordination. Visual markers such as costumes and rituals like dances further reinforce symbolic hierarchies that sustain inequality. This study contributes a novel perspective by integrating Marxist theory with visual and narrative analysis to uncover how cultural and symbolic capital perpetuate class domination. The results highlight the film’s critical value for cultural and film studies, offering insights into how class ideology continues to shape representations of power and privilege in modern adaptations of classic works.
Copyright (c) 2026 Fitriya Nur Azizah, Dewi Candraningrum https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
PROTEST AGAINST STEREOTYPE THREATS REFLECTED IN TONI MORRISON’S THE BLUEST EYE NOVEL
This study explores the stereotype threats portrayed in Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eye, focusing on how racial identity and societal norms shape the lived experiences of Black characters. This study projects three main issues, namely (1) Exploring the historical background of the novel, (2) Identifying Toni Morrison’s protests against negative stereotypes, and (3) Deciphering the author's concerns about stereotype threats. This study applied qualitative data to document analysis from The Bluest Eye Novel and used a note-taking techniques. The study showed that Morrison depicted the black family conflicts emerged as a result of a lack of welfare, social discrimination, and cultural discord from his novel. She appeared in some protests against the negative stereotypes, 1) Fighting for women’s existence by calling for the right to freedom and legal protection; 2) Raising the role of the black family; 3) Claiming that black has its beauty; 4) Opposing the white-racial doctrine of educational literacy. In realistic threats, Morrison criticized life inequality, moral damage, and lack of legal protection. Meanwhile, in symbolic threats, Morrison deflected the white beauty standards and opposed literacy books that raised racial differences. Thus, Morrison explored the racial conflict by showing her empathic protest.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ahmad Imam Muzaqi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
FEMALE STUDENTS PERCEPTION ON CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR THEIR GENDER IN ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY STUDIES AND THE PROFESSION
The field of engineering technology has been historically dominated by male students, resulting in a significant gender disparity in many countries. Female students pursuing engineering technology courses face unique challenges that can hinder their success and participation in the field. This research aims to explore the challenges faced by female students in engineering technology courses and present mitigating strategies to address the issues. A combination of basic quantitative survey was undertaken on a sampling of third year female students at a private engineering technology university. A qualitative interview was also conducted on a senior female academic staff who had extensive work experience in the field prior to become an academic. This served as a triangulation to the responses obtained from the surveyed respondents. Findings from the study shows that the challenges faced by the female students in engineering technology courses can be categorized into three main areas namely social and cultural barriers, academic obstacles, and lack of representation and support. As a whole, the female students have a positive perception on engineering technology as a tertiary study option and also as a career choice that they will continue to pursue. In addressing the challenges faced by female students in engineering technology courses, a multi-faceted approach is needed. The approach must also addressing social and cultural barriers and provide adequate academic support to empowers female students to thrive in engineering technology and contribute to the nation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Alia Zahirah Zakaria, Muhammad Faiz Mohd Farrid, Muhammad Syadi Zakhwan Serkawi, Norkhairi Ahmad, Mohd Hanafia Huridi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
UTILIZING LOCAL ENVIRONMENT EXPLORATION METHOD FOR JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL IN ELT
This study explored the implementation of the Local Environment Exploration Method in English Language Teaching (ELT) at SMP Negeri 1 Weleri, examining its impact on student engagement, contextual relevance, cultural awareness, and teacher adaptation. Using a qualitative phenomenological approach, data were collected through interviews, classroom observations, and document analysis with teachers and students. The findings reveal that integrating local environmental contexts into ELT enhances language learning by making lessons more meaningful and relatable, increasing students' motivation and active participation. Moreover, the method promotes environmental stewardship and cultural identity by connecting language acquisition with local traditions and natural surroundings. Teachers reported improved pedagogical skills through innovative lesson planning and experiential learning activities, although challenges related to resource limitations and scheduling were identified. This study highlights the dual benefit of this method, which fosters linguistic competence while enriching cultural awareness, thus offering a holistic approach to ELT. The findings contribute to the growing body of literature on contextualized learning and provide practical insights for educators seeking to integrate culturally relevant and place-based teaching methods. Future research should investigate the long-term effects of this method on language proficiency and cultural preservation in diverse educational contexts.
Environment Exploration Method, Junior High School, ELT
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Reza Ainun Najib, Madya Giri Aditama, Maila Huda Shofyana, Rosalidya Putri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
BEAUTY MYTH AND ITS EFFECTS SEEN IN THE MISS CONGENIALITY (2000) MOVIE
This study examines the beauty myths depicted by female characters in the film Miss Congeniality (2000), including Gracie, Cheryl, Leslie, and Mary. The film follows Gracie, a female FBI agent who goes undercover as a beauty pageant entrant, forcing her and the other participants to conform to society's beauty standards through the use of beauty myths. The purpose of this study is to establish which areas are affected by the beauty myth and how it affects the main character. This study employed a qualitative methodology. This study used Naomi Wolf’s theory of beauty myth. The scripts for Miss Congeniality (2000) served as the primary data for this study. Secondary data for this study included books, articles, journals, and e-books. The data-gathering processes included watching the movie, reading the movie script, identifying the data, classifying the data, and reducing the data. The study yielded two findings. First, the beauty myth affected four of the six areas examined: culture, hunger, violence, and sex. Second, the beauty myth caused two effects: unsatisfied and suffer. Gracie feels unsatisfied and suffer with her physical appearance as a result of this.
Copyright (c) 2025 Dita Ulfiani, Riana Permatasari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
AN ANALYSIS OF PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF MARILYN MONROE AS SEEN FROM BLONDE (2022)
This study uses Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development to analyse the psychosocial stages of Marilyn Monroe in the film Blonde, released in 2022. The study looks at three main psychosocial stages using a qualitative scene analysis and a literature review. These are identity and role confusion, intimacy versus isolation, and generativity versus stagnation. A difficult childhood and lack of parental support impact Monroe's identity confusion and cause ongoing problems with self-esteem and emotional stability. The film shows her struggling to form important relationships and portrays her as a person trapped in isolation and suffering. Moreover, her aspiration for motherhood signifies generativity, but the film highlights her struggles for personal development. Although Blonde portrays Monroe's emotional struggles very well, it overlooked other essential phases of Erikson's theory that could offer a more comprehensive understanding of her psychosocial growth. More appropriate representation, including her professional accomplishments and strengths, would have provided a deeper understanding of her complex identity. This study enriches the discourse on the convergence between film, identity, and psychological development by showing how film influences the perception of historical figures and human experience.
Keywords: keywords: Marilyn Monroe, Blonde, Erik Erikson, Psychosocial Development, Intimacy vs. Isolation
Copyright (c) 2025 Resti Ayu Febriani, Khadija Albar Hanafi, Siska Ayu Diaz Sekarini https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
THE REPRESENTATIONS OF GREG GARRARDS ECOCRITICISM CONCEPTS IN DONT LOOK UP MOVIE
The relationship between humans and nature serves as a pivotal theme in literature and film, often mirroring societal concerns about the environment and offering profound insights into the dynamics between humanity and the natural world. Adam McKay’s film Don’t Look Up prominently explores this theme. This study employs Greg Garrard’s ecocritical framework to conduct a qualitative descriptive analysis of the film. The primary objective is to investigate how the film portrays environmental issues such as pollution, wilderness, apocalypse, dwelling, and animal, as outlined in Garrard’s ecocritical theory. By closely examining the film's monologues, dialogues, and scenes, this research seeks to uncover the nuances of these themes and their implications for contemporary environmental discourse.
Copyright (c) 2024 Ana Shofiana Jamilah, Abdul Ayiz https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
AN ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH REGISTER USED ON MAKEUP TUTORIAL CONTENTS IN INDIRA KALISTHA YOUTUBE CHANNEL
Register is a variety of language that used to communicate in certain group. In Sociolinguistics, register is a term in the specific lexical and grammatical selection used by speakres depending on the context and situation. This research focused on the types and the function of register used on makeup tutorial contents in Indira Kalistha YouTube Channel. This research used descriptive qualitative research design, which describe the register phenomena used in makeup tutorial contents. The data were analyzing by identifying word and phrase. Based on findings and siscussion data, the total data found in this study were 35 data examined and categorized into 24 words and 11 phrases.
Copyright (c) 2024 Almira Rahma Syastuti, Rahmaditya Khadifa Abdul Rozzaq Wijaya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
AN ANALYSIS OF FLOUTING MAXIM IN SCHIZOPHRENIC CHARACTER FOUND IN BEAUTIFUL MIND MOVIE
Conversational implicature was proposed by Grice (1989) into four maxims. Those are: 1) quantity maxim, 2) quality maxim, 3) relation maxim, and 4) manner maxim. It is affects in the communication in society. It is also occurred in the communicative impairment. One of the phenomena is on the schizophrenia which affect on the deficit pragmatic and the ability to comprehend the implied meaning. The data of this research is from the representative utterances from John Nash which deals with something the speaker believes. The reason in specify the data is due to the limitation of this research in order to get more details about the pattern of the implicature in the believe of schizophrenic character. The data is classified into the classification by Searle and Vanderveken which is concentrated in the representative speech act before analysing it in implicature. The theory by Grice about the four maxims is used in this research to know about the conversational implicature by the main character who is diagnosed with schizophrenia. The results shows that most dominant flouting maxim is on the relation maxim. 13 chosen data which deals with the floating maxim shows the result as follows: 3 data in quantity maxim; 1 datum in quality maxim; 6 data in relation maxim; and 3 data in manner maxim. In flouted quantity maxim utterances do not deliver well in the conversation due to schizophrenia. It deals with the ability from speaker to have in line in the topic. The flouting maxim in quantity maxim and manner maxim has the same percentage. From flouting quantity maxim, Nash does over utterance in delivering the message so that the hearers do not understand what Nash mean. The flouted manner maxim indicates the inability of the speaker in delivering in a good manner and has a sufficient meaning in the utterance. While the fluted quality maxim does not affect to the conversation.
Copyright (c) 2024 Aris Hidayatulloh, Abdul Ayiz https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
A SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS OF RACE DISCRIMINATION IN THE FALCON AND THE WINTER SOLDIER
Racism is one of the endless global issues, from the past until now the issue of racism has brought a lot of sadness. The Falcon and The Winter Soldier series tells about discrimination from various races, especially discrimination against the black race in America. This research was conducted to find out how various aspects of racism are depicted in The Falcon and The Winter Soldier series. The method used is Roland Barthes' semiotic analysis with two-stage signification, namely denotation-connotation and myth. The results of this study show that there are depictions of various aspects of racism in The Falcon and The Winter Soldier series. There are racial prejudice, racial stereotypes, racial discrimination, and racial violence. Although the racism depicted in The Falcon and The Winter Soldier miniseries is subtle and occurs in various walks of life, it can be fatal.
Racism, Semiotics, Racial Prejudice, Racial Stereotyping, Racial Discrimination, Racial Violence, The Falcon and The Winter Soldier
Copyright (c) 2024 Vionny Lydia Puspita, Marginingsih Marginingsih https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
A SOCIO PRAGMATIC ANALYSIS OF SPEECH ACT OF MALE AND FEMALE CHARACTER IN TO ALL THE BOYS: ALWAYS AND FOREVER MOVIE
This study aims to analyze speech acts in the context of sociolinguistic aspects with a focus on language interaction. Speech act is a form of verbal expression that has social impact and pragmatic meaning in daily human communication. This research focuses on the types and factors in speech acts that exist in the two male and female leads in the movie entitled To All The Boys: Always and Forever. Through a sociolinguistic and descriptive qualitative approach, this research explores the relationship between speech acts and social dynamics in various communication situations. This research method involves collecting data from the speech acts in the scripts of the movie. The data were then analyzed qualitatively by considering the speech act framework as well as concepts in sociolinguistic theory. The analysis shows that speech acts play an important role in representing gender norms in society. Language choices, speaking styles, and the types of speech acts used can differ based on gender, reflecting the social construction of gender roles. However, this cannot be a stereotype in everyday social life to categorize gender. Therefore, the author adds the aspect of types and factors behind the purpose of a conversation between men and women.
Keywords: Sociolinguistic, Speech Act, Type, Factor, Movie, Gender
Copyright (c) 2024 Astin Leuisa Maysafira, Aris Hidayatulloh https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
AN ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE FOUND IN SONG LYRICS OF THE ALBUM OF GG BB XX BY LANY
Sometimes people will face problems understanding the song’s meaning. One of the reasons is caused by the use of Figurative Language. Therefore, this study analyzes about figurative language found in LANY's song lyrics in the "gg bb xx" album. The objectives of this study are to analyze the types and meaning of figurative language, and to explain the function of figurative language, also to find out the most dominant of figurative language. The objective of this research is to analysis of figurative language in the song lyrics of LANY’s Album “gg bb xxâ€. In recent decades, linguistic scholars have focused their attention on the study of figurative language in song lyrics, however the song lyrics in LANY’s songs haven’t been explored using the figurative language theory. The problem of this research are to analyze the types and the most dominant figurative language found in song lyrics of the album “gg bb xxâ€ by LANY. The research used a descriptive qualitative method. The research data consisted of 12 song lyrics from LANY the album “gg bb xxâ€. This research used Perrine (2018) theories to analysis types of figurative language in “gg bb xxâ€ album. The results revealed that 36 types of figurative language were detected in the song lyrics, namely: 5 personification, 3 simile, 6 hyperbole, 7 metaphor, 2 irony, 2 understatement, 3 paradox, 1 apostrophe, 1 metonymy, 1 allegory, and 5 symbol. The data clearly show that metaphor was the most dominant type of figurative language in this result.
Copyright (c) 2024 Danisa Salsabila, Ratini Setyowati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
THE UTILIZATION OF YOUTUBE FOR EXTENSIVE LISTENING: VOICES FROM THE LECTURERS AND STUDENTS
The English language continues to be the most used language in the world. Learning it involves four crucial skills, with listening being one of the most vital. In the past, listening was commonly taught with conventional media such as CDs or audio cassettes. While valuable, these materials lacked interactivity, diversity, and adaptability to students’ needs. With the rise of online platforms, YouTube has emerged as a widely accessible and engaging medium for enhancing listening skills through extensive listening (EL) practices. Despite its growing use, existing studies mostly explored students’ perceptions, with few including lecturer perspectives. Therefore, this study aims to explore the views of students and a lecturer regarding the use of YouTube in EL to gain a deeper understanding of its implementation. A qualitative design with a case study approach was employed at a public university in Bandung, Indonesia. Participants included twenty-eight final-semester English Education students and a listening course lecturer. An open-ended questionnaire was used to obtain data on participants’ experiences using YouTube in EL. The data were analysed using NVivo, which helped organize and find recurring themes related to their perceptions. The results showed that both students and the lecturer had positive views of YouTube in EL. Participants praised its accessibility, content diversity, flexibility, and features that supported their learning needs. However, students also faced challenges such as internet issues, advertisements, and difficulty understanding unfamiliar accents. Despite this, they devised strategies to overcome these obstacles. The lecturer meanwhile, reported having minimal difficulty in recommending YouTube content for EL practice. These findings offer insights into YouTube’s role as a tool in extensive listening.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sava Farhan Sila, Muhammad Handi Gunawan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0